Damage Multipliers
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Damage Multipliers play a critical role in the Damage Calculation process. They allow players to gain massive 
Damage gains in various ways.
Overview
- There are two different types of multipliers: Additive and Multiplicative.
- All percentages are converted into decimal values, so if a multiplier grants 80% more damage, then its decimal value is 0.8.
- Damage Multipliers can also be added depending on the victim and what items they have. For example, if an Enderman is attacking a Player, and that Player has an Ender Artifact, a negative Multiplicative Multiplier will be added, reducing the total multiplier amount and thus the final damage amount.
Calculation
In the final damage calculation process, all the multipliers used are added together but in two different values based on their multiplier type, and then those two values get multiplied together onto the final damage number. Most of the time a Multiplicative multiplier will end up adding more damage than an additive one. The additive multiplier can be considered the "base multiplier", and the multiplicative multiplier can the "post multiplier".
As the multiplier names may suggest, additive and multiplicative multipliers do not work entirely the same way. Most damage multipliers are additive multipliers because they don't nearly add as much damage as multiplicative multipliers do, and they don't add damage the same way.
The most common Multipliers used are weapon Enchantments, the Combat Skill bonus damage perk, weapon specific bonuses, and armor abilities.
Additive Multipliers
For additive multipliers, you start with the number 1, and for each additive multiplier, you simply add the multiplier value to the total multiplier value in decimal form, so if you have a multiplier that increases damage by 20%, the value would become 1.2. If you have another additive multiplier that grants, for example, 70% damage, you would add .7 to the value and get a total additive multiplier of 1.9. You would keep doing this for every additive multiplier.
Multiplicative Multipliers
Things aren't as simple for multiplicative multipliers though. You start with the number 1, and for each multiplicative multiplier, you multiply the total multiplier value by 1 + the multiplier (in decimal form). If the multiplier grants 20% more damage, you would multiply the value by 1.2x, and then do this for each multiplicative multiplier. If you were to add another multiplicative multiplier that granted, say, 70% more damage, instead of the value going from 1.2x to 1.9x, it would go from 1.2x to 2.04x. This ends up resulting in multiplicative multipliers increasing damage much more than additive multipliers.